概念依存理論的推理規則

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文章 Conceptual Dependency Inference Rule 1. LINGUISTIC-INFERENCE. // slot filling by the default assignment. A given word can be taken to mean that s specific but unmentioned object. Example A buy O from B <=> B sell O to A => money transferred. A drink quite a lot=> alcholic beverage implicit stated. John hit Mary => with hand in implicit. 2. ACT-INFERENCE : Present when an actor and an object occur in a conceptualization without an ACT to connect them, and the object in question has a normal function in the world. In this case the normal function is assumed to be the implicitly referenced ACT. Example John told Mary that he wants a book. (ACT-INFERENCE)=> in order to read it John likes chocolate (ACT-INFERENCE) => in order to eat it 3. TRANS-ENABLE-INFERENCE John told Mary that he wants a book. (ACT-INFERENCE)=> in order to read it (TRANS-ENABLE) => (f) John read the book. John likes chocolate (ACT-INFERENCE)=> in order to eat it (TRANS-ENABLE) => (f) John eat chocolate. 4. RESULT-INFERENCE Whenever a TRANS ACT is present and no information exists that would contradict the inferred result. Example John went to South Dakota. => John was in South Dakota (PTRANS) John told Mary that Bill was a doctor. => Mary knows that Bill was a doctor. (MTRANS) John gave Mary a book. => Mary takes the book. (ATRANS) 5. OBJECT-AFFECT-INFERENCE The physical action that has some affect on the object. Example John hit Mary with a rock. => Rock *PHYSCONT* Mary 6. BELIEF-PATTERN-INFERENCE The given event plus its inferred results fit a belief pattern that has reasons. Example John took an aspirin. (BELIEF) => John was sick. John flattered Mary (BELIEF) => John want Mary do something for him. 7. INSTRUMENTAL-INFERENCE Whenever an ACT has been referenced, its probable instrument can be inferred. INGEST (INSTRUMENTAL) => PTRANS PROPEL (INSTRUMENTAL) => MOVE, GRASP, PROPEL PTRANS (INSTRUMENTAL) => MOVE, PROPEL ATRANS (INSTRUMENTAL) => PTRANS, MTRANS, MOVE CONC (INSTRUMENTAL) => MTRANS MTRANS (INSTRUMENTAL) => MBUILD, SPEAK, ATTAND, MOVE MBUILD (INSTRUMENTAL) => MTRANS EXPEL (INSTRUMENTAL) => MOVE, PROPEL GRASP (INSTRUMENTAL) => MOVE SPEAK (INSTRUMENTAL) => MOVE ATTEND (INSTRUMENTAL) => no , MOVE is often applied. Example John is aware that Fred hit Mary => (aware, CONC) (INSTRUMENTAL) => MTRANS (John got this information (Fred hit Mary) ) => ATTEND eye on it or ATTEND ear on it. John receive the ball. => ATRANS (INSTRUMENTAL) => PTRANS, PROPEL 8. PROPERTY-INFERENCE Whenever an object is intruduced in a sentence, certain subpropositions are being made. Example John hit Mary (PROPERTY) => John and Mary exist, John has hand. 9. SEQUENTIAL-INFERENCE One sentence follows another and they share a subject or a proposition. Example All redheads are obnoxious. & Queen Elizabeth I has red hair. => Queen Elizabeth I is obnoxious. 10. CAUSALITY-INFERENCE Two sentences are connected by an “and” or by their appearing in sequence. Example John hit Mary and she died. 11. BACKWARD-INFERENCE An action has occurred that required another action to precede. Example John ate a banana. => Banana must have been PTRANSed to him at some time. John knows where Mary is => this information mujst have been MTRANSed to John at some time. 12. INTENTION-INFERENCE We assume that a person do something because he want do to it, achieve something. Example John hit Mary (INTENTION, AFFECT) => Mary is hurt pleases John. John told Bill that he wants to go to New York. (INTENTION, RESULT) => being locate in New York will please John., Bill know that. An integrate example John hit Mary (LINGUISTIC) => add “hand” as object of PROPEL (OBJECT AFFECT) => add causal “receipient (Mary) be hurt”. (BELIEF PATTERN) => add potential cause of the entire event as Mary DO cause John be hurt cause John be angry. (INSTRUMENTAL) => add instrument of MOVE “hand”. (PROPERTY) => add predication that John and Mary exist and that John has hand and that they were in ther same place at the same time. (INTENTION) => add that John knwe that it would cause him pleasure if Mary was hurt and that is why he did it. Four kinds of causal links , 1. ↑ : causal 2. Result (r) : forward causal rules for physical ACTs. 3. Enable (E): backward causal rules for physical ACTs. 4. Disable (d) : disable 5. Initiate (I): forward causal rules for mental ACTs. 6. Reason (R) : backward causal rules for mental ACTs. 7. <=> dependency Facebook 留言 Facebook Wikidot Post preview: Close preview or Sign in as Wikidot user (will not be published) - + Help: wiki text quick reference 授權 本網頁的作者、授權與引用方式 作者 陳鍾誠，於金門大學資訊工程系，電子郵件：wt.ude.uqn|ccc#wt.ude.uqn|ccc，網站：http://ccckmit.wikidot.com。 授權 本文採用創作共用 (Creative Common) 3.0 版的 姓名標示─非商業性─相同方式分享 授權條款，歡迎轉載或修改使用，但若做為商業使用時必須取得授權，引用本文時請參考下列格式。 中文版 (APA格式) 陳鍾誠 (08 Jun 2010 02:06)，(網頁標題) 概念依存理論的推理規則，(網站標題) 陳鍾誠的網站，取自 http://ccckmit.wikidot.com/nlp:conceptdependencyinferencerule ，網頁修改第 4 版。 英文版 (APA格式) Chung-Chen Chen (08 Jun 2010 02:06), Retrieved from http://ccckmit.wikidot.com/nlp:conceptdependencyinferencerule , Page Revision 4.